Limited Incision Achilles Repair—Two Techniques Bruce Cohen Emilio Wagner INTRODUCTION Achilles tendon ruptures are common in the elite and recreational athlete and most often occur in the noninsertional region of…
Tendoscopy Markus Knupp V. James Sammarco INDICATIONS Surgery for tendon disorders of the posterior foot and ankle are common. Tendons in this area enter a relatively avascular zone as they…
Endoscopic Gastrocnemius Recession Saul G. Trevino Santaram Vallurupalli David Flood INTRODUCTION Progressive deformities of the foot and ankle have been associated with contracture of the triceps surae. Historically, these contractures…
Brisement and Related Procedures Stuart H. Myers Lew C. Schon BACKGROUND Brisement (French: “breaking”) is the lysis of adhesions around a tendon by high-pressure fluid injection. It is distinct from…
Milomir Ninkovic, Alexander De Heinrich, and Marina Ninkovic Summary A “drop foot” deformity may be due to peroneal nerve injury or muscle damage of the anterior and/or lateral compartments. When…
Geoffrey G. Hallock, Mouchammed Agko, Hung-Chi Chen, S. Raja Sabapathy, Hari Venkatramani, and Madhu Periasamy Summary Some consider a perforator flap to be a variant of a fasciocutaneous flap that…
Matthew Iorio, Stephen Andrew Sems, and Steven L. Moran Summary Bone defects of greater than 5 cm are best managed with vascularized bone flaps. The fibula has remained the most…
Joon Pio Hong Summary Elevation on the superficial fascia (super-thin) is a new approach for elevating flaps. It has advantages such as providing a thin flap allowing increased versatility to…
Pedro C. Cavadas Summary Lower limb vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is not immunologically different from solid organ transplantation; so any recipients will require lifelong immune suppression (IS) to prevent rejection,…
Manas Nigam, Michael V. Defazio, and Karen K. Evans Summary The lower extremity is subject to unique stresses and pathophysiologies that make reconstruction, particularly with free tissue, a challenging but…
