Complications Related to the Use of Thoracic Pedicle Screw Instrumentation Louis G. Jenis INTRODUCTION The use of thoracic spinal instrumentation has evolved significantly over the last several decades with the…
Complications of Open Anterior Instrumentation in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Michael W. Peelle Lawrence G. Lenke HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE The anterior approach to the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine has been broadly utilized…
Complications of Anterior and Posterior Open Approaches to the Lumbar Spine Raj D. Rao Peeush Singhal INTRODUCTION Lumbar spinal disorders are the most frequent cause of disability related to the…
Anterior/Posterior Cervical Instrumentation Amir H. Fayyazi Howard S. An INTRODUCTION There have been enormous advances in techniques and instrumentation available for fixation of the cervical spine since Hadra first internally…
Cervical Pseudarthrosis Rick B. Delamarter Ben B. Pradhan Vikas V. Patel OVERVIEW This chapter reviews the prevention, recognition, and treatment of cervical pseudarthrosis. Both prevention and treatment of pseudarthrosis have…
Postlaminectomy Kyphosis Steven C. Zeiller Todd J. Albert OVERVIEW Multilevel laminectomy has been used to treat a variety of conditions of the cervical spine. In the adult population, it is…
Spinal Cord Injury, Incidental Durotomy, and Epidural Hematoma Ashok Biyani Matthew J. Robon OVERVIEW Surgical complications are feared by both surgeons and patients. Despite the most meticulous planning and surgical…
Vocal Cord Paralysis after Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery Daniel R. Fassett Ronald I. Apfelbaum OVERVIEW Vocal cord dysfunction is one of the most common complications associated with the anterior surgical…
Dysphagia/Esophageal Injuries Tsai Tsung-Ting Greg Anderson INTRODUCTION The anterior approach to the cervical spine has become a popular method of treating a wide variety of cervical pathologies. This approach provides…
Vascular Complications in Cervical Spine Surgery Brian Kwon Louis G. Jenis INTRODUCTION Vascular injuries occurring during cervical spine surgery can vary from relatively minor to catastrophic hemorrhage and death (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)….
