Arthroscopic Drilling and Fixation of Osteochondritis Dissecans Theodore J. Ganley Kevin G. Shea Nathan L. Grimm DEFINITION Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is described as a focal, idiopathic alteration of subchondral bone…
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery Amanda L. Weller Craig S. Mauro Christopher D. Harner DEFINITION The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) serves as the primary restraint to posterior translation of the tibia…
Arthroscopy-Assisted Management or Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Spine Fractures Itai Gans Theodore J. Ganley DEFINITION Tibial spine fractures are bony avulsions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)…
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the Skeletally Immature Patient J. Todd R. Lawrence R. Jay Lee Mininder S. Kocher DEFINITION Skeletally immature patients have open growth plates, or physes, and…
Acute Patellar and Chronic Patellar Instability Eric J. Wall Jay C. Albright Sarah R. Steward DEFINITION Patellar instability in children and adolescents usually involves an episode of complete dislocation of…
Tibial Tubercle Transfer John P. Fulkerson DEFINITION Tibial tubercle transfer is a versatile surgical alternative in the treatment of difficult and resistant patellofemoral disorders ranging from patellofemoral instability to patellofemoral…
Knee Lateral Release Andrea M. Spiker Carl H. Wierks Andrew J. Cosgarea DEFINITION Patellofemoral pain is a common symptom in active adolescents and adults. The diagnosis of patellofemoral pain is…
Arthroscopic Treatment of Elbow Loss of Motion Laith M. Al-Shihabi Chris Mellano Robert W. Wysocki Anthony A. Romeo DEFINITION Loss of motion is a common sequela of elbow trauma or…
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of the Mature Ankle Sanjit R. Konda Kenneth A. Egol DEFINITION The ankle is a modified hinge joint, which relies on a congruently reduced mortise…
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Lisfranc Injury Michael P. Clare Roy W. Sanders DEFINITION A Lisfranc injury refers to bony or ligamentous compromise of the tarsometatarsal and intercuneiform joint…
