The Paediatric Knee
Introduction Knee injuries in children and adolescents are common. , There has been a significant increase in sport participation among young athletes in recent years, and overuse and traumatic injuries…
Injuries of the Patellar Tendon
Pathological Conditions of the Patellar Tendon Acute Tears of the Patellar Tendon Anatomy The patellar tendon is part of the extensor mechanism of the knee that includes the quadriceps muscle,…
Quadriceps Tendon Injuries
Epidemiology Quadriceps tendon tears are a common cause of disruption of the extensor mechanism about the knee. Quadriceps tendon tears occur more often than patellar tendon tears but less often…
Lateral Patellar Instability:: Diagnosis, Treatment Algorithm, Conservative Approaches, Surgical Techniques, Outcomes, Rehabilitation and Future Directions
Introduction Lateral patellar instability is a common knee disorder, particularly in children and adolescents. Its aetiology is multifactorial, and typically it is caused by a combination of soft tissue and…
Pathological Torsion of the Lower Limb
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Limb Factors It is the author’s opinion that patellofemoral (PF) symptoms should be considered as those that arise from the joint itself and are considered intrinsic factors…
Patellofemoral Anatomy and Its Surgical Implications
Medial Patellofemoral Anatomy Proximal Medial Patellar Complex As our understanding of medial patellofemoral anatomy continues to grow, the implications for surgical reconstruction have evolved. Whereas earlier reports focused on reconstruction…
Tibial Tuberosity Osteotomies
Introduction Normal patellar tracking is mediated statically by the bone structures, passively by the soft tissue stabilisers and actively by the musculature about the knee. Patellofemoral tracking relates to contact…
Treatment Algorithm in Patellofemoral Disorders: ‘Le Menu à la Carte’
Patellofemoral Instability The patellofemoral joint (PFJ) is a highly complex structure, intimately associated with the dynamic muscle activity, including the global and central control of the limb, which is linked…
How to Manage the Active Patient with Osteoarthritis:: Biological Approaches
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating condition that can lead to chronic pain, disability, decreased quality of life and inability to perform activities of daily living. Authors have reported that…
OCD Injuries in the Paediatric and Adult Population
Introduction Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a focal, pathological lesion involving subchondral bone and the attached overlying articular cartilage. Importantly, the focal lesion is at subsequent risk for the development of…
