Occipitocervical and C1-C2 Fusion with Instrumentation S. Babak Kalantar Youjeong Kim Maneesh Bawa John M. Rhee John G. Heller DEFINITION The term occipitocervical and atlantoaxial instability encompasses a number of…
Posterior Cervical Fusion with Instrumentation Raj Rao Satyajit V. Marawar SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Operative intervention in the posterior subaxial cervical spine is frequently carried out for decompression or stabilization. Fusion and…
Cervical Laminoplasty Steven K. Leckie James S. Kercher S. Tim Yoon DEFINITION Cervical laminoplasty is a surgical technique first described in 19833 that allows for decompression of the cervical cord…
Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy Jacob M. Buchowski Ronald A. Lehman Jr. K. Daniel Riew DEFINITION Cervical radiculopathy is a clinical diagnosis defined by the presence of motor or sensory changes or…
Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion with Instrumentation John M. Rhee Claude Jarrett DEFINITION Cervical myelopathy describes a constellation of signs and symptoms resulting from cervical spinal cord compression. Common symptoms…
Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with and without Instrumentation John M. Rhee Claude Jarrett Sam W. Wiesel DEFINITION Cervical spondylosis refers to degenerative conditions affecting the cervical spine, including disc…
The Team Physician Introduction: the team physician The medical care of a team or squad of athletes is an integral part of the role of the sports medicine specialist, and…
Ankle and Lower Leg Examination of the ankle Inspection The ankle contains three joints: Talocrural joint. Inferior tibiofibular joint. Subtalar joint. With the feet in a symmetrical position the subtalar…
