The Elbow and Forearm
The Elbow and Forearm INJECTIONS AND ASPIRATIONS Elbow Joint Injection Indication The intraarticular placement of a needle in the elbow joint allows for diagnostic aspiration, anesthesia for reduction maneuvers and…
The Shoulder and Arm
The Shoulder and Arm INJECTIONS AND ASPIRATIONS Glenohumeral Injection: Anterior Approach Indication The intraarticular placement of a needle in the glenohumeral joint allows for diagnostic aspiration, anesthesia for reduction maneuvers,…
Auricular Hematomas
Auricular Hematomas Steven K. Poon, MD, CAQSM Kimberly G. Harmon, MD BASICS ALERT Failure to diagnose and promptly treat this condition with evacuation of the hematoma may lead to permanent…
Atlantoaxial Instability
Atlantoaxial Instability Rebecca L. Carl, MD, MSCI BASICS DESCRIPTION Atlantoaxial instability (AAI) is the term for increased motion at the joint between the 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae (the atlas…
Athletic Heart Syndrome
Athletic Heart Syndrome Evan D. Perez, MD Daniel Murphy, MD, FAAFP Justin M. Wright, MD, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION A benign condition consisting of physiologic adaptations to increased cardiac workload. Primary…
Anterior Metatarsalgia
Anterior Metatarsalgia Dominic Jacobelli, MD Kenneth Bielak, MD, FACSM, FAAFP, CAQSM BASICS DESCRIPTION Pain in the plantar aspect of the metatarsal (MT) heads Metatarsalgia can be thought of as a…
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Ankylosing Spondylitis Scott Chandler, DO Kevin deWeber, MD, FAAFP, FACSM, RMSK BASICS DESCRIPTION Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory, autoimmune arthritis characterized by inflammatory back pain (IBP). It is…
Anterior Interosseous Syndrome
Anterior Interosseous Syndrome Jarrod Yamanaka, MD BASICS The anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) is a motor branch of the median nerve that innervates the pronator quadratus, flexor pollicis longus, and flexor…
Ankle Sprains, Medial
Ankle Sprains, Medial Daniel C. Herman, MD, PhD, FAAPMR, FACSM, CAQSM Giorgio A. Negron, MD BASICS DESCRIPTION Injury to the deltoid ligament complex of the medial ankle occurs when the…
