Musculoskeletal Key

Abstract Background: Spondylolysis, or stress fracture of the pars interarticularis of a lumbar vertebra, is a common cause of back pain in children and adolescents, especially in athletes. It can…

Abstract Hip osteoarthritis (OA, also called degenerative joint disease) is a common source of pain and disability at the hip joint. The classic symptom is groin pain, but the symptom…

Abstract Baker cyst, the most common cyst in the posterior knee, affects approximately 19% of asymptomatic adults and 6.3% of children. Three factors are key to the formation of Baker…

Abstract Injury to the femoral nerve often presents with difficulty in ambulation, climbing stairs, and rising from a seated position. Concomitant complaints of altered sensation over the anterior thigh and…

Abstract Piriformis syndrome describes a clinical situation whereby the piriformis muscle is compressing the sciatic nerve, resulting in a sciatic neuropathy. This may be an intrinsic injury to the piriformis…

Abstract Adhesive capsulitis of the hip is a condition of unknown etiology, characterized by loss of passive and active hip motion. Classified by various authors into either primary idiopathic, progressive…

Abstract A hip adductor strain is the most common cause of acute groin pain. Athletes who participate in sports that require cutting and sudden change of direction are at a…

Abstract Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is a common source of low back pain. In this chapter, a review of the relevant anatomy and frequent presenting symptoms associated with the dysfunction are…

Abstract Sports pubalgia is a painful soft tissue injury in the area of the groin and seen most commonly in sports that require intense twisting movements or sudden change in…

Abstract Quadriceps muscle contusions are most commonly encountered in contact sports such as football, soccer, basketball, and wrestling. Injury is usually caused by a direct impact that leads to hemorrhage…