Laboratory Evaluation of Systemic Rheumatic Diseases in the Lower Extremity BELLA MEHTA STEVEN K. MAGID The clinical laboratory can be of great help in the diagnosis of disorders of the…
Dermatologic Manifestations of Systemic Disease in the Lower Extremity SHARON R. BARLIZO THOMAS M. DELAURO MARK LEBWOHL As the body’s point of contact with the weight-bearing surface, the foot is…
Endocrine Disorders Presenting in the Lower Extremity DANIEL GUSS Although hormone secretion is necessarily systemic in nature, many of the effects of hormones extend to the lower extremities. This becomes…
Congenital Foot, Ankle, and Lower Extremity Conditions TYLER A. GONZALEZ RAYMOND HSU Congenital foot and ankle conditions are common problems that pediatricians and orthopedic surgeons see throughout their careers. Pediatric…
Regional Pain Syndromes That Present in the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Extremity JEFFREY Y. F. NGEOW MINYI TAN Case Illustration Patient A S.A. is a 59-year-old woman who had a…
Tumors of the Lower Extremity HENRY DEGROOT SECTION A: Soft Tissue Tumors of the Foot and Ankle Soft tissue tumors of the foot and ankle are different from those of…
Gait Disorders JOSEPH C. D’AMICO Gait is the momentary loss and regaining of balance that takes place with each step. Of course most people never think about this complex, rhythmic…
Peripheral Arterial Disease SACHIN KUMAR AMRUTHLAL JAIN ARTHUR TARRICONE BHASKAR PURUSHOTTAM PRAKASH KRISHNAN Peripheral artery disease (PAD) most commonly results from atherosclerosis (plaque) of the arteries that carries blood to…
Deep Venous Thrombosis, Thromboembolism, Thrombophlebitis in the Lower Extremity ISHAAN SWARUP JOHN BOLES GEOFFREY H. WESTRICH Significant morbidity and mortality are associated with the development of thromboembolic disease after orthopedic…
Edema in the Lower Extremity: Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis JEFFREY S. BORER BRIAN SHAFFER ROCK C.J. POSITANO LORETTA CACACE Injuries of the foot are commonly associated with edema, a concomitant…
