Traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) remain the first-line treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), despite lack of randomized controlled trials, and with evidence based on observational studies. Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents…
The introduction of highly effective therapies and clearly defined targets has altered the treatment paradigm in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Validated classification criteria and outcome measures specific to PsA have helped…
Biologic medications, therapeutic proteins that inhibit or modulate proinflammatory immune cells and cytokines, have significantly altered clinicians’ ability to effectively treat psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The first widely used biologics have…
In the last decade, there have been significant advances in outcome measure research in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). In this article, the outcome measures for disease activity in individual key domains…
There is a strong familial component to psoriatic disease as well as a complex array of genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. The dominant genetic effect is located on chromosome 6p21.3…
Psoriasis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease most often appearing in the form of well-demarcated, scaly plaques. These lesions highlight the fundamental processes underlying its pathogenesis, namely, inflammation and…
The current model of psoriatic arthritis implicates both the IL-23/IL-17 axis and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways in disease pathogenesis. Although specific major histocompatibility complex class I molecules are…
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory joint disease characterized by arthritis and often enthesitis in patients with psoriasis, presenting a wide range of manifestations in various patterns. Imaging procedures are…
Although early reports suggested psoriatic arthritis was, with the exception of arthritis mutilans, a relatively mild arthritis, later studies have challenged this view. The burden of skin disease adds to…
Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory musculoskeletal disease affecting almost a third of patients with psoriasis. Clinical presentations are complex and varied and include peripheral arthritis, axial disease, dactylitis, and enthesitis,…
