Musculoskeletal Key

Introduction Interference screws are widely used for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and good clinical results have been reported by several investigators. In addition to conventional metal…

Abstract Essentially, only three methods are currently used for gripping anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts so that they may be fixated to bone: friction, loop or whipstitch (WSP). WSP was…

Introduction Femoral INTRAFIX, first introduced in 2009, is a polyethylene sheath and Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) interference screw anchor based on the design of Tibial INTRAFIX ( Fig. 73.1 )….

An ideal anchor or interference screw material needs to provide strong mechanical fixation, with the ability to completely degrade over time and become replaced by bone. Initially anchors/interference screws were…

Introduction Soft tissue anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using compression fixation at the aperture has been shown to achieve optimal biological and biomechanical properties. Numerous studies have proven the superior…

Introduction Biodegradable interference fixation screws were introduced to the market in the mid-1990s. The appeal of these devices included improved postoperative imaging compared with metallic devices, reduced graft laceration concerns,…

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Soft Tissue Femoral Cortical Fixation: Ziploop Technology The Biomet ToggleLoc fixation device (Warsaw, IN) relies on strong cortical suspensory stabilization for femoral fixation in anterior cruciate ligament…

Introduction This chapter focuses on the interference screw (IFS) and its role in hamstring graft fixation. The IFS has been established as the preferred choice for bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) graft…

Introduction Aperture fixation and graft compression have shown to be key aspects of a successful anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). In addition, applying graft compression potentially improves fixation strength, reduces…