Appendicitis
Appendicitis Walter Pegoli Jr. Appendicitis is the most common clinical entity leading to emergency abdominal operations in children. Pathologist Reginald Fitz initially described the condition in 1886. T. G. Morton…
Enzyme and Transport Defects
Enzyme and Transport Defects Sandy T. Hwang Robert J. Shulman CARBOHYDRATE MALABSORPTION Pathophysiology and Clinical Findings Disorders of carbohydrate absorption are linked integrally with dysfunction of the small-intestinal mucosal carbohydrate-digesting…
Immunodeficiency States
Immunodeficiency States Carlos H. Lifschitz ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been reported in children since 1983 and may be found among hemophiliacs, transfusion recipients, infants born…
Celiac Disease
Celiac Disease Carlos H. Lifschitz Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease, characterized by villous atrophy of the proximal small bowel, that responds to the withdrawal of gluten from the…
Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth
Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth Carlos H. Lifschitz In healthy persons, the stomach, duodenum, and upper small bowel are sterile, or the number of organisms never surpasses 105 colony-forming units per…
Short Bowel Syndrome
Short Bowel Syndrome Carlos H. Lifschitz Short bowel syndrome can be caused by prenatal events, such as volvulus, small bowel atresia, gastroschisis or malformation. Acquired causes of the syndrome include…
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases Glenn T. Furuta Peter Ngo Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases are clinicopathologic entities requiring a mucosal biopsy for diagnosis. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, the classical eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, presents with a…
Protein Intolerance
Protein Intolerance Jonathan E. Teitelbaum W. Allan Walker Allergy is derived from the Greek word for “other.” Food allergy or protein intolerance is an immunologic reaction to a dietary protein…
Protein-Losing Enteropathy
Protein-Losing Enteropathy Dan W. Thomas Frank R. Sinatra Numerous disorders result in excessive loss of serum proteins from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This form of intestinal dysfunction is called protein-losing…
Chronic Recurrent Abdominal Pain
Chronic Recurrent Abdominal Pain William J. Klish Chronic recurrent abdominal pain undoubtedly is the most frustrating problem a pediatrician must manage. It also is a common occurrence. Unless the diagnosis…
