The Comatose Child
The Comatose Child James Owens Daniel G. Glaze DEFINITION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Coma is not a specific disorder, but a sign of central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. It may be caused…
Febrile Seizures
Febrile Seizures Marvin A. Fishman Febrile seizures are a worldwide problem and occur in 2% to 4% of children younger than 5 years of age. In some populations, the incidence…
Status Epilepticus
Status Epilepticus Kevin Chapman Daniel G. Glaze Status epilepticus (SE) may be defined classically as seizure activity that lasts longer than 30 minutes or repeated seizures between which the child…
Cerebrovascular Disease in Childhood
Cerebrovascular Disease in Childhood Bradley L. Schlaggar Andrew J. Kornberg Arthur L. Prensky Cerebrovascular disease can be divided broadly into two primary pathophysiologic processes: occlusion and hemorrhage. In occlusive vascular…
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Marvin A. Fishman Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a syndrome in which increased intracranial pressure (ICP) occurs in patients who have no history of an acute insult to…
Static Encephalopathy
Static Encephalopathy Timothy E. Lotze Static encephalopathy is a syndrome of abnormal motor functions and postural mechanisms caused by nonprogressive abnormalities of the developing brain. The term encompasses a heterogenous…
Acute Encephalopathies
Acute Encephalopathies Julie Thorne Parke The term encephalopathy refers to a diffuse disturbance of brain function resulting in behavioral changes, altered consciousness, or seizures. The term usually is reserved for…
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy Bruce K. Shapiro Arnold J. Capute Cerebral palsy is a disorder of movement and posture that results from an insult to or anomaly of the immature central nervous…
Developmental Defects
Developmental Defects Marvin A. Fishman HYDROCEPHALUS Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired disorder in which an excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is present within the cerebral ventricles. More CSF…
