Hydrocele

A hydrocele is an accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis (Figs. 3.32.1 and 3.32.2A). Most hydroceles are primary (idiopathic) caused by local increased production of serous fluid, although some may be secondary to a tumour or infection. They are not separate from the testis; they are brilliantly transilluminable and normally it is possible to feel above the lump (unless the hydrocele is within the spermatic cord).

Fig. 3.32.1 Palpating the testes. A small hydrocele is present.

Fig. 3.32.2 Testicular lumps. (A) hydrocele; (B) varicocele; (C) epididymal cyst; (D) indirect inguinal hernia; (E) tumour; (F) torsion; (G) epididymitis and orchitis.