Scoring

How severe is your pain?

At its worst?

When lying on the envolved side?

Reaching for something on a high shelf?

Touching the back of your neck?

Pushing with the involved arm?

Reprinted with permission from Roach et al. [6]

Table 21.2

Disability subscale of the SPADI

How much difficulty do you have?
Washing your hair?
Washing your back?
Putting on an undershirt or jumper?
Putting on a shirt that buttons down the front?
Putting on your pants?
Placing an object on a high shelf?
Carrying a heavy object of 10 lb?
Removing something from your back pocket?

Reprinted with permission from Roach et al. [6]

The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) [7]

The DASH is a 30-item self-administrated measurement tool to assess physical function and symptoms in patients with musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity. It was developed by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS), the Council of Musculoskeletal Specialty Societies (COMSS) and the Institute for Work and Health (Toronto, Ontario) to be used by physicians in daily practice and as a research tool. Two optional modules for work and sports or performing arts provide an amendment to measure symptoms and function in athletes, artists and other workers whose jobs require a high degree of physical performance. The DASH has been translated in numerous languages and is available under http://dash.iwh.on.ca free of charge.

The Constant Score [8]

The Constant Score was developed as a physician-based measurement tool to provide an overall clinical functional assessment [8]. It is a 100 point scaling system divided into four subscales: pain (15 points; Table 21.3), activities of daily living (20 points; Table 21.4), strength measurement (25 points) and range of motion (40 points; Table 21.5a, b). Shoulder strength is measured as abduction power at 90° with the wrist as point of loading [9].

Table 21.3

Pain subscale of the Constant Score

Pain	None	15
	Mild	10
	Moderate	5
	Severe	0

Reprinted with permission from Constant and Murley [8]

Table 21.4

Activities of daily living subscale of the Constant Score

Activities of daily living	Full work	4
	Full recreation/sport	4
	Unaffected sleep	2
Positioning	Up to waist	2
	Up to xiphoid	4
	Up to neck	6
	Up to top of head	8
	Above head	10

Reprinted with permission from Constant and Murley [8]

Table 21.5

Range of motion subscale of the Constant Score

(a) Flexion/abduction
Flexion	0–30°	0
	31–60°	2
	61–90°	4
	91–120°	6
	121–150°	8
	151–180°	10
Abduction	0–30°	0
	31–60°	2
	61–90°	4
	91–120°	6
	121–150°	8
	151–180°	10