Topical agents
Author
Year
Follow up (days)
Participants
Type
Comparison
Diclofenac 10 mg/g gel BID × 30 days vs. 2–4 medicinal leeches applied once
Bäcker et al. [2]
2011
45
40
RCT
Leech therapy
Diclofenac gel TID × 21 days
Burnham and Oner [4]
1998
21
14
RCT
–
Difflam (benzydamine) cream 5× daily × 21 days
Burton [5]
1988
21
33
RCT
Manual therapy
Diclofenac vs. salicylate iontophoresis QD, 5×/week, up to 18 days
Demirtas et al. [6]
1998
25
40
RCT
Iontophoresis of two topical agents
Diclofenac tissuegel patch × 14 days
Jenoure et al. [11]
1997
28
85
RCT
–
Diclofenac diethylamine salt (gel) QID × 14 days
Schapira et al. [26]
1991
14
32
RCT
–
Diclofenac epolamine 1.3 % gel 5 g TID × 10 days
Spacca et al. [28]
2005
10
40
RCT
–
Indomethacin 1 % ointment TID-QID × 14 days
Tsuiyama et al. [32]
1979
14
187
RCT
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Oral agents
–
–
–
–
–
–
Diflunisal 1000 mg PO then 500 mg PO BID × 15 days vs. Naproxen 500 mg PO then 250 mg PO Q6–8 H PRN × 15 days
Adelaar et al. [1]
1987
15
22
RCT
Oral NSAID comparison
Acemetacin 90 mg PO QD
Erturk et al. [7]
1997
21
36
RCT
Steroid injection
Naproxen 500 mg PO BID × 14 days
Hay et al. [10]
1999
365
164
RCT
Steroid injection
Naproxen 500 mg PO BID × 14 days
Hay et al. [10]
1999
365
164
RCT
Placebo
Diclofenac sodium 75 mg PO bid × 28 days
Labelle and Guibert [13]
1997
28
129
RCT
Placebo, both w/long arm cast
Naproxen 750 mg PO QD × 10 days vs. betahistine dihydrochloride 48 mg PO QD × 10 days
Polat et al. [21]
2011
182
55
RCT
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