Current understanding indicates that the effects of massage are derived through interrelationships of the peripheral and central nervous systems (and their reflex patterns and multiple pathways) and the autonomic nervous system, neuroendocrine control, and response of the fascial network to mechanical forces applied during massage.† • Substitute a different neurologic signal stimulation to support a normal muscle resting length • Influence muscle and motor tone by lengthening and stretching muscles and connective tissue • Reeducate the muscles involved by encouraging normal movement • Stimulate neurochemical balance • Type 1a is a primary muscle spindle. • Type 1b is a Golgi tendon organ (GTO). • Type 2, a secondary muscle spindle, includes paciniform and pacinian corpuscles, which are sensitive to deep pressure. • Type 3 consists of free nerve endings that are sensitive to pain, chemicals, and temperature. • Decrease muscle length by bringing the proximal and distal attachments toward each other. • Contract a muscle isometrically, as is done for contract and relax methods. This method causes the spindle activity to stop temporarily, allowing the muscle to be set to a new, more relaxed length. • Use inhibiting compression in the belly of the muscle to decrease firing. The Golgi tendon organs can be influenced in three ways: • Muscle energy methods can reset the muscle to its resting length and tone, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. • When a muscle voluntarily contracts isometrically, the Golgi tendon organ increases its discharges, which has an inhibiting effect on the muscle, causing it to relax. • Inhibiting compression at the tendons can also decrease Golgi tendon organ activity. • Reflexively change the tension pattern and lengthen the short muscles • Mechanically stretch and soften connective tissue • Interrupt the pain-spasm-pain cycle caused by protective muscle spasm that occurs in response to pain • Support the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise to shift posture and function • Support the use of medications such as antispasmodics, analgesics, antiinflammatories, and circulation enhancers such as vasodilators. Major nerves and general intervention patterns be aware of include: The major electrolytes and their charges found in the human body include the following:
Functional anatomy and physiology*
Fascia
Neuroendocrine structure and function
Somatic nervous system
Muscle and motor tone
Sensory nerve receptors of muscle
Sacral plexus
Fluid dynamics
Electrolyte balance
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Functional anatomy and physiology
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