Femur, distal

10.1055/b-0034-87642

Femur, distal

Classification

The Müller AO Classification 412

Introduction

18.1 Femur, distal—introduction Suthorn Bavonratanavech, Reto Babst 413
1 Introduction 413
1.1 Incidence 413
1.2 Current methods of treatment 413
1.3 Indications and contraindications for MIPO 413
2 Surgical anatomy 414
3 Preoperative assessment and timing for surgery 415
4 Preoperative planning 415
5 Operating room setup 417
5.1 Anesthesia 417
5.2 Patient and image intensifier positioning 417
5.3 Implants and instruments 417
6 Operative procedure 419
6.1 Surgical approach 419
6.2 Reduction and fixation of the articular fractures 420
6.3 Reduction of the metaphyseal/diaphyseal fracture component 421
6.4 Fixation of the metaphyseal/diaphyseal fracture component 421
7 Postoperative care and rehabilitation 424
8 Pitfalls 424
9 Pearls 425
10 Reference 426
11 Further reading 426

Cases

18.2 Femur, distal: partial articular fracture of the medial condyle—33-B2 and spiral wedge shaft fracture—32-B1 Suthorn Bavonratanavech 427
18.3 Femur, distal: extraarticular simple fracture—33-A1.2 Reto Babst 435
18.4 Femur, distal: extraarticular simple fracture—32-A1.3/33-A1.2 Reto Babst 441
18.5 Femur, distal: intraarticular fracture—32-C3/33-C3 Reto Babst 447
18.6 Femur, distal: intraarticular fracture—33-C3 Theerachai Apivatthakakul 453

Classification

The Müller AO Classification is used for classification of fractures of the distal femur. The distal femur is designated by the number 33. Type 33-A are extraarticular fractures, type 33-B partial articular fractures, and type 33-C complete articular fractures.