19.1 Anatomy

The maxillary artery (Fig. 19.1) cannot be palpated at its origin, as it is located behind the mandible. Of interest is its terminal infraorbital branch that accompanies the maxillary nerve and, to a lesser degree, its mental branch, which accompanies the mandibular nerve.

Fig. 19.1 Maxillary artery.

19.1.3 Collaterals

Among its important collaterals are:

• Ascending branches:

– the anterior tympanic supplying the lining of the middle ear

– the middle meningeal artery enters the skull through the foramen spinosum. It gives off branches for the dura mater surrounding the trigeminal ganglion. This is the main source of blood for the dura mater

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