Figure 18.1
Preoperative radiographs showing femoral head collapse and acetabular involvement
Management
After consultation, the patient was informed of the post-collapse disease within the right hip. At that point, she was counseled that core decompression would not benefit her, and she agreed to proceed with a total hip arthroplasty. Informed consent was obtained after discussing the risks and benefits of the planned procedures prior to surgery.
Total Hip Arthroplasty
The patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position. We prepped and draped the right hip in the usual aseptic manner. A time-out was performed prior to the incision. A 14-cm skin incision was made over the greater trochanter for an anterolateral approach to the hip and deepened down through the skin and subcutaneous tissue through the fascia lata. We took off the anterior 40% of the gluteus medius, removed the minimus, and performed a capsulectomy. We then dislocated the femoral head and removed it. At that time, we noted significant degenerative disease in the femoral head. We reamed the acetabulum and placed it in a press-fit construct. We took off the peripheral osteophytes and put in a neutral polyethylene liner. We then prepared the stem with the appropriate-sized stem and head combination. We achieved excellent stability and excellent leg length.
After careful irrigation, closure of the muscles, subcutaneous tissue, and skin was performed, and a sterile dressing was applied. The patient was then taken to the recovery room in stable condition.
Outcome
At her 3-month follow-up, she was pain-free and performing all her daily activities without difficulty. Radiographic evaluation showed a well-placed arthroplasty without evidence of osteolysis or loosening (See Fig. 18.2). On physical exam, the patient had minimal peri-incisional tenderness. She had five out of five muscular strengths and was neurovascularly intact at the lower extremities.
Figure 18.2
(a, b) Post-THA radiographs showing a well-placed implant with no signs of loosening or fracture
Literature Review
Patients with SLE can derive great benefit from THA. However, there are five small studies with midterm follow-up outcomes with two of these studies being comparative. Future studies should have larger cohorts with long-term follow-up (See Table 18.1).
Table 18.1
Outcomes of THA in ON patients with osteonecrosis
Author, year | Case cohort description | Number of cases | Number of controls | Mean follow-up, months (range) | Cases’ mean HHS, points | Controls’ mean HHS, points | Cases’ implant survivorship, % | Controls’ implant survivorship, % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Graham et al. (2014) [1] | HIV | 43 | – | 42 (5–98) | 86 | – | 100 | – |
Issa et al. (2013) [2] | HIV | 44 | 78 | 84 (48–132) | 85 | 87 | 95 | 96.5 |
Issa et al. (2013) [3]
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