Soccer

Fig. 32.1

Molded shoe

The bladed or x-grip design utilizes slimmer studs, strategically placed in different angles to offer a player better footing (Fig. 32.2).

Fig. 32.2

Bladed design

Detachable Cleats

These are cleats designed for unstable or usually slippery natural surfaces. They have fewer, longer studs than a firm ground shoe, and are usually made of hard plastic or metal tips (Fig. 32.3). The type and length of the cleat can be changed depending on the weather and field condition. The reason there are fewer studs is so that mud and grass won’t get trapped on the bottom of the footwear and make the soccer shoe become heavy [4].

Fig. 32.3

Detachable cleats

Turfs

These types of shoes are commonly referred to as “turfs” as they are best suited for hard artificial playing surfaces (Fig. 32.4). The outside consists of multiple short rubber studs. This cleat pattern is more forgiving on the feet and body as it more evenly distributes pressure across the entire foot. These hard ground shoes are this contributor’s choice for youth soccer players since they provide adequate traction but offer the most comfort for young feet.

Fig. 32.4

“Turfs”

Referees are an often forgotten population of the soccer world that tend to be on their feet for many hours in a day. Dr. Paul Trinkoff, a Chiroprator and NCAA soccer referee, states, “ Referees can be assigned to multiple games in a single day. The large amount of running puts a huge demand on the individuals feet, no matter what the surface. It is for this reason the turf, which is somewhat of a hybrid between a cleat and a sneaker, is the shoe of choice of most referees. The turf seems to accommodate well to all surfaces without compromising comfort or support.”

Hybrid

The Adidas Tunit premium show is unique in that it is an adaptable system (Fig. 32.5). It offers three upper soles, interchangeable chassis, and all three sets of cleats for all playing surfaces and conditions.

Fig. 32.5

Hybrid

Indoor

This type of shoe is intended to be played on hard flat surfaces such as gym floors (Fig. 32.6). These low-profiled shoes usually have gum rubber bottoms with a tread patters similar to traditional sneakers. Players will often opt for this type of shoe over a turf as the soles usually offer greater ball control.

Fig. 32.6

Indoor shoe

Midsole

Unlike other sport shoes, soccer cleats are made very low to the ground with minimal midsole material. This design allows the player’s foot to feel closer to the ground for optimal feel and aggressive maneuverability without sacrificing comfort. The problem encountered with this negative heel design is that it can cause a greater amount of traction on the heel through a pulling force of the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia.

Manufacturers have created many proprietary technologies built to cushion and support feet from fatigue. Some of these include an insert of low-density polyurethane or EVA placed in the sole below the heel. This feature aids in cushioning and helps protect the foot by absorbing and dissipating impact forces [5].

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