Kawasaki’s disease (KD) It is also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. It is an infantile systemic inflammatory disease with polyarteritis, aseptic lymphadenopathy and inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes. It is an acute febrile disease of children younger than 5 years of age that occurs mainly in Japan but sporadically in other countries. It mainly has a mild course, but in approximately 2 % of patients, it is fatal due to a necrotising vasculitis or multiple aneurysms of the coronary arteries (detectable by echocardiography). Laboratory findings include raised acute phase reactants, leucocytosis and often a marked thrombocytosis. Its aetiology is unknown. An infection or a certain toxin produced by infecting microorganisms at the onset is hypothesised, followed by a number of immunological abnormalities such as increased production of IL-1 and TNF-α, as well as immune complexes. These cause damage to the vascular endothelium during the acute stage of the disease. Treatment includes intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg) and high-dose aspirin.