Femur, proximal

10.1055/b-0034-87631

Femur, proximal

Classification

The Müller AO Classification 332

Introduction

16.1 Femur, proximal—introduction Suthorn Bavonratanavech 333
1 Introduction 333
1.1 Incidence 333
1.2 Current methods of treatment 333
1.3 Indications and contraindications for MIPO 333
2 Surgical anatomy 334
3 Aims of fracture reduction 335
4 Preoperative assessment and timing for surgery 336
5 Preoperative planning 336
6 Operating room setup 337
6.1 Anesthesia 337
6.2 Patient and image intensifier positioning 337
6.3 Instruments and implants 338
7 Operative procedure 338
7.1 Surgical approach 338
7.2 Reduction techniques 339
7.3 Fixation 339
8 Postoperative care and rehabilitation 341
9 Pitfalls 341
10 Pearls 342
11 Reference 342
12 Further reading 342

Cases

16.2 Femur, proximal: extraarticular fracture, intertrochanteric—31-A3 and complex spiral diaphyseal fracture—32-C1 Suthorn Bavonratanavech 343
16.3 Femur, proximal: extraarticular fracture, trochanteric area pertrochanteric simple—31-A1 Suthorn Bavonratanavech 351
16.4 Femur, proximal: extraarticular fracture, pertrochanteric, multifragmentary—31-A2 Theerachai Apivatthakakul, Suthorn Bavonratanavech 359
16.5 Femur, proximal: extraarticular fracture, intertrochanteric—31-A3 and wedge diaphyseal fracture—32-B1 Suthorn Bavonratanavech 365

Classification

According to the Müller AO Classification, the proximal femur is identified by the number 31.

Fractures of the proximal femur are divided into three groups: Type 31-A: extraarticular fracture, trochanteric area Type 31-B: extraarticular fracture, neck Type 31-C: articular fracture, head For the purpose of discussion in this chapter, subtrochanteric fractures are also included (Müller AO Classification: 32-A, B, or C) as the same principles and techniques apply when performing MIPO for these fractures.