Nuclei (quality) |
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Nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini (GSA)
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Nucleus pontinus nervi trigemini (Nucleus principalis nervi trigemini) (GSA)
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Nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini (GSA)
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Nucleus motorius nervi trigemini (SVE)
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Exit point from the brain |
lateral margin of the pons |
Location in the subarachnoid space |
Cisterna basalis, Cavum trigeminale |
Entry point into the dura mater |
as Ganglion trigeminale in the lateral wall of the Sinus cavernosus |
Division into three branches |
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N. ophthalmicus [V/1]
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N. maxillaris [V/2]
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N. mandibularis [V/3]
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N. ophthalmicus [V/1] |
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Pathway within the dura mater |
lateral wall of the Sinus cavernosus |
Exit point from the dura mater |
Fissura orbitalis superior |
Exit point from the cranial base |
Fissura orbitalis superior
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N. nasociliaris: medial part
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N. frontalis: lateral part
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N. lacrimalis: lateral part
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Innervation areas |
sensory: dura mater of the anterior cranial fossa, Falx cerebri, Tentorium cerebelli, forehead, upper eyelid, dorsum of the nose, sclera, cornea, Cellulae ethmoidales anteriores, Sinus sphenoidalis, nasal cavity (anterior part) |
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N. maxillaris [V/2] |
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Pathway within the dura mater |
lateral wall of the Sinus cavernosus |
Exit point from the dura mater |
Foramen rotundum |
Exit point from the cranial base |
Foramen rotundum |
Innervation areas |
sensory: dura mater of the Fossa cranii media, cheek, lower eyelid, lateral surface of the nose, upper lip, teeth and gingiva of the maxilla, Cellulae ethmoidales posteriores, Sinus sphenoidalis, Sinus maxillaris, Conchae nasales superior and media, Palatum, Tonsilla palatina, pharynx (roof) |
Adjunct nerves |
parasympathetic (secretory) fibres to divergent Rr. nasales for the Glandulae nasales , the Nn. palatini for the Glandulae palatinae as well as to the N. zygomaticus for the Glandula lacrimalis (derived from the Nucleus salivatorius superior via N. facialis, N. petrosus major, and Rr. ganglionares to the Ganglion pterygopalatinum, N. zygomaticus, R. communicans cum nervo zygomatico, N. lacrimalis) |
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N. mandibularis [V/3] |
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Pathway within the dura mater |
lateral wall of the Sinus cavernosus |
Exit point from the dura mater |
Foramen ovale |
Exit point from the cranial base |
Foramen ovale |
Innervation areas |
motor: masticatory muscles, M. tensor veli palatini, M. mylohyoideus, M. digastricus (Venter anterior), M. tensor tympani sensory: dura mater of the Fossa cranii media, Cellulae mastoideae, skin of the mandible, temple, cheek, auricle (upper part), external acoustic meatus, Membrana tympanica (outer surface), teeth and gingiva of the mandible, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, Isthmus faucium, temporomandibular joint |
Adjunct nerves |
sensory: anterior two-thirds of the tongue (from N. facialis [VII] via Chorda tympani to N. lingualis) parasympathetic (secretory) fibres
- a)
to the N. lingualis for the Glandulae submandibularis and sublingualis (from Nucleus salivatorius superior via N. facialis and Chorda tympani to the Ganglion submandibulare)
- b)
to the N. auriculotemporalis for the Glandula parotidea (from Nucleus salivatorius inferior via N. glossopharyngeus, N. tympanicus, Plexus tympanicus, and N. petrosus minor to the Ganglion oticum)
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