Laboratories use antibodies to detect, localize, and quantify specific proteins within biological samples such as blood, urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and synovial fluid. Some antibodies are obtained from animals such as rabbits, mice, rats, goats, sheep, and horses.
Recombinant antibodies are produced using genetic engineering techniques. Antibody-encoding genes are introduced into expression systems such as bacterial systems (e.g., E. coli), yeast systems, insect cells, and mammalian cell lines (e.g., CHO, HEK293).
Rabbit MTSS1 polyclonal antibodies are obtained by immunizing rabbits. Before looking into the details of this antibody, let’s start with the definition of polyclonal antibody.
| A polyclonal antibody is a mixture of antibodies produced by multiple B-cell clones in an animal in response to a single antigen. These antibodies recognize multiple different epitopes on the same target protein, resulting in a broad and strong binding response. |
Rabbit MTSS1 polyclonal antibodies are used to study MTSS1 (Metastasis Suppressor 1).
Understanding MTSS1 (Metastasis Suppressor 1)
Also known as MIM (Missing in Metastasis), MTSS1 is a cytoplasmic protein that plays an important role in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and in membrane remodeling. This protein interacts with actin and actin-regulatory proteins to influence cell shape, migration, and adhesion. It is expressed in the spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, colon, and several other tissues.
Its ability to suppress tumors has attracted the attention of researchers, particularly in the field of cancer biology.
Studies reveal reduced MTSS1 expression in breast, prostate, gastric, and colorectal cancers. This is why MTSS1 is frequently studied as a biomarker of cancer progression and as a regulator of metastasis-related signaling pathways.
What Is a Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody?
To create a rabbit MTSS1 polyclonal antibody, a rabbit is immunized with an MTSS1 peptide or protein fragment. In response, the immune system produces a diverse population of antibodies that recognize different regions of the MTSS1 protein. This results in a serum that is purified to produce the polyclonal antibody.
Why Rabbits
Rabbits are used as host animals because they generate high-affinity antibodies. They also respond well to a wide range of antigens.
Why Polyclonal Antibodies
Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes on the same target protein, which increases detection sensitivity. This binding allows reliable protein detection even when some epitopes are altered due to denaturation, fixation, or post-translational modifications. Polyclonal antibodies produce stronger signals, which help detect low-abundance proteins.
Key Characteristics of Rabbit MTSS1 Polyclonal Antibody
The table below shows the defining features of rabbit MTSS1 polyclonal antibodies:
| Host species | Rabbit |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | IgG |
| Target | MTSS1 protein |
| Formulation | Supplied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), often containing glycerol and a preservative |
Conjugation Commonly unconjugated Research Applications
Western Blotting (WB)
Western blotting uses these antibodies to detect MTSS1 protein levels in cell and tissue lysates. As rabbit MTSS1 polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes,
they enhance signal strength and improve detection, even when the protein is partially denatured during sample preparation.
These antibodies are suitable for analyzing MTSS1 expression changes under different physiological or pathological conditions.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Immunohistochemistry uses MTSS1 antibodies to examine the distribution and localization of MTSS1 within specific cell types and tissue architectures. Comparing MTSS1 expression patterns of normal and tumor tissues helps assess disease progression and metastatic potential.
Immunofluorescence and Immunocytochemistry (IF/ICC)
Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry studies using MTSS1 antibodies visualize MTSS1 localization within cells. The combination of these antibodies and fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies allows high-resolution imaging of MTSS1 in the cytoplasm and at membrane-associated structures. This supports studies of cytoskeletal organization and cell migration.
ELISA
MTSS1 polyclonal antibodies validated for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are used to quantify MTSS1 protein levels in biological samples. This technique is useful for comparative expression studies. It allows researchers to measure changes in MTSS1 levels under different experimental conditions, disease states, or treatment responses.
Advantages of Using Polyclonal Antibodies
High Sensitivity
Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes, which leads to stronger signals.
Robust Performance
These antibodies support better detection of denatured or modified proteins.
Cost-effectiveness
Polyclonal antibodies are less expensive than monoclonal alternatives.
Versatility
When appropriately optimized, polyclonal antibodies are suitable for multiple applications.
Storage and Handling Considerations
Storage conditions for rabbit MTSS1 polyclonal antibodies depend on the formulation and length of storage.
| Temperature | Duration | Formulation |
| –20°C | Months to years | Supplied with glycerol |
| 4°C | Days to weeks | Ready-to-use formulations without glycerol |
Repeated freeze–thaw cycles can reduce antibody activity. Aliquot the antibody upon first use.
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